Bone marrow transplantation has been an essential procedure for the treatment of various malignant and non-malignant diseases, with the clinical outcome significantly dependent on the quality and quantity of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in the graft. In this study, Professor Leung’s team presented new evidence on the dynamic expression of R4 subfamily RGS members in human HSPCs, and dictated their pivotal roles in stem cell migration and hematopoietic reconstitution. The data not only lay new knowledge on the biological functions of RGS proteins, but also shed light on the future design of RGS-targeting strategies to enhance clinical stem cell transplantation. The team envisions that targeting RGS through for instance small molecule inhibitors or gene editing could simultaneously alter multiple pathways and therefore provide a powerful approach to accelerate HSPC engraftment and therefore mitigate transplant-related morbidity and mortality.